The molecule that responses to plane polarized light while passings through it in a Mannar that it rotates pane polarized light is called optically active molecule.
D lactic acid and l lactic acid is optically active molecule.
d lactic acid rotates plane polarized light to right and l lactic acid rotates plane polarized light to left.
The condition of being optically active is as bellow
Must have to be chiral carbon
Two isomer will be coinside on each other
Isomer will be mirror image of each other
Two isomer of optically active molecule may be enantiomers of each other or may not be enantiomers. If two isomer is not enantiomers these will be diasteriomer of each other.
Any optically active molecule or the mixture of molecules may seems optically inactive. For example, though a meso compound optically active but it does not rotates plane polarized light. As same as though in racemic mixture there have two optically active isomer but shows no rotation of plane polarized light. In fact in racemic mixture rotation by one isomer eliminate by rotation by other isomer.
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